Measuring Time in Abushakir: From Microseconds to the Cycles of the Moon
The Abushakir tradition contains a remarkably precise system for measuring time. Days are divided through a sexagesimal, or base-60, system into progressively smaller units. The same mathematical framework can describe everything from the duration of a heartbeat to the length of a lunar month and the nineteen-year relationship between the Sun and Moon. A day…
A Simple Way to Check Bearing Capacity of Foundations Adjacent to Slopes
Shallow foundations are often placed close to slopes, excavations, road cuts, quay walls, or terrain breaks. In these situations, the bearing capacity can be significantly lower than the value calculated for the same foundation on flat terrain. The reason is physical: the failure mechanism on the slope side is not fully confined by soil. The…
Equivalent Quasi-Static FEM Procedure for Estimating Settlement from Tipping or Dumping Impact
1. Introduction Tipping, dumping, or accidental dropping of heavy masses can generate short-duration impact loads that produce local settlement and permanent ground deformation. Such effects may be critical where the impact occurs close to foundations, retaining walls, buried services, pavements, or other structures sensitive to ground movement. A fully dynamic analysis of these events would…
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